Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, have rapidly evolved from simple remote-controlled aircraft into highly specialized industrial systems. Today, drones are not defined by a single design or function, but rather by a structured classification based on airframe architecture, mission capability, and operational environmen

Wildfires, industrial fires, and urban high-rise incidents are becoming more frequent, more intense, and more difficult to control. Traditional firefighting methods—while still essential—are increasingly constrained by safety risks, limited visibility, and delayed situational awareness. In this context, firefighting drones (UAVs) are emerging a